COMPOUNDS WITH IMIDAZOLE RING SYSTEM HAVE MANY PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND CAN PLAY IMPORTANT ROLE IN BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES.1 FOR EXAMPLE, IT IS REPORTED THAT SUBSTITUTED IMIDAZOLES CAN ACT AS GLUCAGON RECEOTOR ANAGONISTS, INHIBITORS OF P38 MAP KINASE, B-RAF KINASE, PLANTS GROWTH REGULATORS, ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTITUMOUR, THERAPEUTIC AGENTS AND ALSO PESTICIDE. RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN THE DIHYDROPYRIDINES CHEMISTRY AND OUR CONTINUED INTEREST IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EFFICIENT AND ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY PROCEDURE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUND2-4 TRIGGERED US TO DESCRIBE HERE THE NOVEL METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF BENZOIMIDAZOLES IN THE PRESENCE OF SYNTHESIZED ionic liquid (SCHEME 1)…

XANTHENE DERIVATIVES ARE IMPORTANT HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS BECAUSE OF THEIR USEFUL BIOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES SUCH AS ANTIVIRAL, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES. THESE COMPOUNDS ARE ALSO USED AS DYES, AS LUMINESCENT SENSORS, IN LASER TECHNOLOGIES, IN FLUORESCENT MATERIALS FOR THE VISUALIZATION OF BIOMOLECULES AND IN PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY [1].IN CONTINUATION OF OUR ONGOING STUDIES TO SYNTHESIZE OF HETEROCYCLIC AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS AT MILD AND PRACTICAL PROTOCOLS [2], HEREIN WE WISH TO REPORT OUR EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ON THE SYNTHESIS OF DI INDOLYLMETHANES USING DIFFERENT BENZALDEHYDES AND B-NAPHTOL IN THE PRESENCE OF ionic liquid. ALL OF SYNTHESIZED COMPOUNDS WERE CHARACTERIZED BY IR AND NMR.

IN THE PAST DECADE, DIHYDROPYRIMIDINONES (DHPMS) AND THEIR DERIVATIVES HAVE ATTRACTEDCONSIDERABLE INTEREST BECAUSE THEY ARE COMMERCIALLY USED AS CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS, ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS, Α-1A-ANTAGONISTS AND NEUROPEPTIDE Y (NPY) ANTAGONISTS. THEY ALSO EXHIBIT ACTIVITIES SUCH AS ANTIFUNGAL, ANTIVIRAL, ANTICANCER, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS [1].IN CONTINUATION OF OUR ONGOING STUDIES TO SYNTHESIZE OF HETEROCYCLIC AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS AT MILD AND PRACTICAL PROTOCOLS [2], HEREIN WE WISH TO REPORT OUR EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ON THE SYNTHESIS OF DIINDOLYLMETHANES USING DIFFERENT BENZALDEHYDES AND ETHYLACETOACETATE, UREA IN THE PRESENCE OF ionic liquid. ALL OF SYNTHESIZED COMPOUNDS WERE CHARACTERIZED BY IR AND NMR.

EXTRACTIVE DESULFURIZATION (EDS) IS ONE OF THE MORE REGARDED TECHNIQUE FOR THE REMOVAL OF SULFUR COMPOUNDS (PRESENT IN THE liquid FUEL) WHICH PRODUCE ONE OF THE MAIN SOURCE OF AIR POLLUTIONS I.E. SOX. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS LIMIT THE USE OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS TO THIS PROCESS. ionic liquidS HAVE UNIQUE PROPERTIES WHICH CAUSE INCREASE THE APPLICATION OF THESE TYPE OF SOLVENTS FOR EDS. IN CONTINUATION OF OUR PREVIOUS STUDY ON THE APPLICATION OF TASK-SPECIFIC PHOSPHONIUM ionic liquidS (PIL) FOR EDS. TRI-N-BUTYL-(2- HYDROXYETHYL) PHOSPHONIUM BROMIDE ([TBHEP][BR]) PERFORMANCE OF EDS AS A PIL CONTAINING ALCOHOL MOIETY WAS STUDIED. ...

BACKGROUND: THE IMPORTANCE OF GREEN REACTIONS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS HAS ENCOURAGED SCIENTISTS TO USE ionic liquidS (ILS) AS ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY REACTION MEDIA, CATALYSTS, REAGENTS, AND ALSO IN SEPARATION PROCESSES [1]. ILS USUALLY POSSESSES UNIQUE PROPERTIES, SUCH AS NONVOLATILITY, NONFLAMMABILITY, AND REMARKABLE CHEMICAL AND THERMAL STABILITY [2]. A VARIETY OF REACTIONS [3], INCLUDING TRANSITION METAL-CATALYZED CARBON–CARBON COUPLING REACTIONS SUCH AS MIZOROKI- HECK REACTION HAVE BEEN REPORTED IN ILS. THE HECK REACTION AS A VERSATILE METHOD PROVIDES AN EFFICIENT ROUTE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED OLEFINS THROUGH CROSS-COUPLING OF ARYL HALIDES AND OLEFINS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS...

BACKGROUND: THE SONOGASHIRA REACTION OF ARYL HALIDES IS ANOTHER C-C COUPLING PROCESS THAT HAS BEEN SUCCESSFULLY CATALYZED BY PALLADIUM PRECURSORS TO PRODUCE SUBSTITUTED ACETYLENES AS POTENTIALLY USEFUL COMPOUNDS WITH INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS [1]. …